(Formato-κ2 O,O′)bis­(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)manganese(II) perchlorate

In the title complex, [Mn(CHO2)(C12H8N2)2]ClO4, the MnII cation is chelated by two 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands and one formate anion in a distorted MnN4O2 octa­hedral geometry. The two phen planes are oriented at a dihedral angle of 57.48 (11)°. The perchlorate anion links with the Mn complex cation via weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding

Stability and Persistence of an Avian Influenza Epidemic Model with Impacts of Climate Change

The growing number of reported avian influenza cases has prompted awareness of the importance of research methods to control the spread of the disease. Seasonal variation is one of the important factors that affect the spread of avian influenza. This paper presents a “nonautonomous” model to analyze the transmission dynamics of avian influenza with the effects of climate change. We obtain and discuss the global stability conditions of the disease-free equilibrium; the threshold conditions for persistence, permanence, and extinction of the disease; and the parameters with periodicity for controlling and eliminating the avian influenza

(+)-[1-(4-Methoxy­benz­yl)pyrrolidin-2-yl]diphenyl­methanol

The title compound, C25H27NO2, was obtained as the product of a Grignard reagent and an inter­mediate ester synthesized from L-(-)-proline. The asymmetric unit contains two independent mol­ecules, both of which feature an intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond. In one of the mol­ecules, the pyrrolidine ring is disordered over two orientations in a 0.63 (3):0.37 (3) ratio

[2-(Tetra­zol-1-yl)acetato-κO]tris­(tri­phenyl­phosphine-κP)silver(I) mono­hydrate

The AgI atom in the title compound, [Ag(C3H3N4O2)(C18H15P)3]·H2O, exists in a distorted tetra­hedral environment. The uncoordinated water mol­ecule forms only one hydrogen bond to the uncoordinated carbonyl O atom

3-(4-Amino-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyridinium chloride

In the title compound, C7H8N5S+·Cl−, the dihedral angle formed by the pyridine ring with the triazole ring is 10.0 (1)°. There are weak inter­molecular hydrogen-bond inter­actions in the crystal structure, involving the NH and NH2 groups as donors, and the chloride anion, the S atom in the thio­ketone group and the unsubstituted ring N atom as acceptors

Raising the Gangdese Mountains in southern Tibet

This research was financially supported by the MOST of China (No. 2016YFC0600304 and No. 2016YFC0600407), the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB03010301), the National Science Foundation of China (41225006 and 41472061), and the MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources (China University of Geosciences).The surface uplift of mountain belts is in large part controlled by the effects of crustal thickening and mantle dynamic processes (e.g., lithospheric delamination or slab breakoff). Understanding the history and driving mechanism of uplift of the southern Tibetan Plateau requires accurate knowledge on crustal thickening over time. Here we determine spatial and temporal variations in crustal thickness using whole-rock La/Yb ratios of intermediate intrusive rocks from the Gangdese arc. Our results show that the crust was likely of normal thickness prior to ca. 70 Ma (~37 km) but began to thicken locally at ca. 70 − 60 Ma. The crust reached (58 − 50) ± 10 km at 55 − 45 Ma extending over 400 km along the strike of the arc. This thickening was likely due to magmatic underplating as a consequence of rollback and then breakoff of the subducting Neo-Tethyan slab. The crust attained a thickness of 68 ± 12 km at ca. 20 − 10 Ma, as a consequence of underthrusting of India and associated thrust faulting. The Gangdese Mountains in southern Tibet broadly attained an elevation of >4000 m at ca. 55 − 45 Ma as a result of isostatic surface uplift driven by crustal thickening and slab breakoff, and reached their present-day elevation by 20 − 10 Ma. Our paleoelevation estimates are consistent not only with the C − O isotope-based paleoaltimetry but also with the carbonate clumped isotope paleothermometer, exemplifying the promise of reconstructing paleoelevation in time and space for ancient orogens through a combination of magmatic composition and Airy isostatic compensation.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe